Philosophy
EXPERIMENTS Introduction Prospect theory is a theory within behavioural economics, judgement, and decision-making, developed in 1979. It is widely regarded as the foundation of modern behavioural economics and was a key reason for awarding the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics. This theory describes how individuals evaluate potential losses and gains,
Philosophy
EXPERIMENTS The Asch Conformity Experiment was a series of studies conducted to examine behaviour under the pressure of social forces and to investigate whether peer pressure can be strong enough to change our perception and make us believe in things that are not true. Procedure In the experiment, a naive
Studies
The relationship between cognitive ability and social alignment is characterised by a distinct correlation between general intelligence and the propensity for intellectual conformity. While individuals of high intelligence are frequently the primary adherents to prevailing social dogmas, those at the extreme ends of the cognitive spectrum—specifically those with lower
Studies
The Pareto principle, frequently designated as the 80/20 rule, is a statistical precept asserting that approximately 80% of outcomes or effects result from roughly 20% of causes or inputs. This principle serves as a general hypothesis that a smaller proportion of factors or items contributes to a disproportionately large
Studies
Intra-sexual competition among women is a complex socio-biological phenomenon characterised by indirect aggression, strategic social manipulation, and the cultivation of exclusionary alliances. Unlike male intra-sexual competition, which typically resembles a running race where individuals focus on personal performance within their own lanes, female competition is more akin to the sport
Studies
The phenomenon of liberal-leaning women expressing a profound sense of personal insecurity or being literally unsafe when encountering dissenting opinions is rooted in a specific psychological profile defined by mental instability and emotional dysregulation. While such expressions are often dismissed as hyperbolic, they represent a genuine internal state where intellectual
Studies
The pursuit of high-level elected office, such as becoming a Member of Parliament, is primarily driven by a specific configuration of aversive personality traits known collectively as the Dark Triad: narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism. While the public narrative surrounding political candidacy often emphasises altruism and a desire to improve the
Philosophy
The planning fallacy is a Cognitive Bias in which predictions regarding the time required to complete a future task exhibit an Optimism Bias and systematically underestimate the actual duration. First proposed by Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky in 1979, the concept describes a tendency for individuals and organisations to underestimate
Philosophy
Hindsight bias, commonly identified as the knew-it-all-along phenomenon or creeping determinism, is a cognitive distortion where individuals perceive past events as having been more predictable than they were in reality. This phenomenon involves a systematic tendency to overestimate the ability to have foreseen an outcome once that outcome is already
Philosophy
Definition and Operationalisation Optimism bias is a Cognitive Bias where the tendency of an individual to overestimate the likelihood of experiencing positive future events and underestimate the likelihood of experiencing negative future events. This cognitive phenomenon is a hallmark of a healthy human psyche and is one of the most
Philosophy
Theoretical Foundations and Distinction from Risk Aversion While often conflated, loss aversion and traditional risk aversion are distinct Cognitive Bias mechanisms for decision-making under uncertainty. Risk aversion, a theory established around 300 years ago in 1738, describes a preference for a certain outcome over a risky prospect with a higher
Philosophy
Moral Foundations Theory is a descriptive account of human morality developed by Jonathan Haidt to explore the shared themes and similarities across disparate populations in terms that secularists might understand. The framework identifies several innate psychological systems that constitute a first draft of the moral mind. Christian's call