Philosophy
Introduction The misinformation effect describes a phenomenon where a person's recollection of past events becomes less accurate due to the influence of information encountered after the event has occurred. This effect, studied since the mid-1970s, highlights the malleability of memory. Overview The core of the misinformation effect lies
Philosophy
EXPERIMENTS Introduction Prospect theory is a theory within behavioural economics, judgement, and decision-making, developed in 1979. It is widely regarded as the foundation of modern behavioural economics and was a key reason for awarding the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics. This theory describes how individuals evaluate potential losses and gains,
Philosophy
EXPERIMENTS The Asch Conformity Experiment was a series of studies conducted to examine behaviour under the pressure of social forces and to investigate whether peer pressure can be strong enough to change our perception and make us believe in things that are not true. Procedure In the experiment, a naive
History
PEOPLE | 1880–1936 Oswald Spengler (1880–1936) was a German philosopher whose work, particularly The Decline of the West, presented a profound and controversial philosophy of history. He is recognised as one of the most far-ranging minds of the twentieth century. Spengler's major work, Untergang des Abendlandes (The
History
PEOPLE **Charles III, King of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms, ascended to the throne in September 2022, marking a pivotal moment for the monarchy. His reign signifies a notable departure from historical perceptions of strict neutrality, particularly in his engagement with political and societal matters, especially his
History
EVENTS The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) engaged in extensive research and experimentation concerning methods of brainwashing and mind control, particularly during the Cold War era. This pursuit was driven by a deep-seated fear that the Soviet Union had already mastered techniques to manipulate human memory and behaviour, potentially enabling them
History
The War on Terror The War on Terror emerged as a defining global conflict in the early 21st century, presented as a struggle against a powerful and sinister network of international terrorism with sleeper cells across the world. This framing served to restore the power and authority of politicians by
History
EVENTS | 1980s The 1980s marked a transformative period in Western economies, particularly in the United Kingdom and the United States, characterised by a dramatic shift in corporate governance and ownership structures. This era saw the rise of 'corporate raiders' who, through innovative financial mechanisms, dismantled established industrial behemoths,
History
PEOPLE | (1892–1975)** Francisco Franco Bahamonde was a Spanish general and long-serving head of state, who led the Nationalist forces to victory in the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) and ruled Spain as a dictator until his death in 1975. Early Life and Military Beginnings (1892–1927) Born on 4
History
The Treaty of Versailles, signed on 28 June 1919 in the Hall of Mirrors at Versailles, France, was the principal peace treaty concluding World War I. Conceived to transcend traditional power politics, banish war, and establish justice, it emerged from the Paris Peace Conference, convened in a suburb of Paris.
History
The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is a significant organ of US foreign policy and a key operational arm of the apparatus called the "Blob" or Deep State. USAID functions primarily as an instrument of US statecraft, engaging in a wide array of activities beyond traditional
History
CONSPIRACIES | Scientology Operation Snow White was a criminal conspiracy orchestrated by the Church of Scientology during the 1970s, designed to expunge unfavourable records pertaining to Scientology and its founder, L Ron Hubbard. This extensive project encompassed a series of infiltrations and thefts from 136 government agencies, foreign embassies, consulates, and